Time Period: 1959 to present

Style characteristics and performance practices:

1. simple repetitive harmonies
2. almost always blues based
3. strong, infectious rhythms
4. melodies are folk-like and singable
5. closely related to R&B and gospel styles
6. funky
7. uses melodic and rhythmic ostinato (repeated figures or phrases)
8. implicitly (or explicitly) dance music, even to the point of using stylized dance forms, i.e., the boogaloo

Important players in this style include Horace Silver, Cannonball Adderley, Freddie Hubbard, Ramsey Lewis, Jimmy Smith, Wes Montgomery, and others